BECK, S.D (1980) Insect Photoperiodism. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press, 387 p.
BECK, S.D. and J.W. APPLE (1961) Effects of temperature and photoperiod on voltinism of geographical populations of the European corn borer, Pyrausta nubilalis. J. Econ. Entomol. 54(3): 550-558.
ダニレフスキー,ア・エス(1961)[日高敏隆・正木進三訳,1966]昆虫の光周性.東京:東京大学出版会, 293 p.
DANKS, H.V (1987) Insect Dormancy: An Ecological Perspective. Ottawa: Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods), 439 p.
DEWILDE, J. (1961) Photoperiodism in insects and mites. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 7: 1-26.